GICHD Outlook Report 2025

LIBYA

The population of Libya currently faces a number of threats from explosive ordnance, particularly from explosive remnants of war (ERW) stemming from a series of conflicts from the First Libyan Civil War in 2011, factional violence, and the Second Libyan Civil war from 2014–2020, as well as legacy contamination from WWII. In Libya, competing administrations (the Tripoli-based Government of National Unity and Tobruk- based Government of National Stability) and militias, often backed by regional and international powers, continue to control different parts of the country, leading to a complex and fluid political landscape. This context creates a highly challenging environment to coordinate and conduct mine action activities. The GICHD has supported the Libyan Mine Action Centre (LibMAC) in implementing the Information Management System for Mine Action (IMSMA) Core since 2022. Following this work, LibMAC invited the GICHD to provide support with drafting a national mine action strategy. The GICHD conducted a national authority capacity assessment of LibMAC in July 2024, providing findings and recommendations to support greater efficiency, effectiveness, and safety of mine action operations in the Libyan Mine Action Programme (LibMAC). The GICHD has already begun supporting LibMAC on the delivery of several recommendations, with a view to 2025 and beyond. For example, the Centre’s Strategic Planning Programme is supporting LibMAC in the development of a mine action strategy with input and engagement from a wide range of

stakeholders across Libya. This process started in 2024 with a strategy-stakeholder workshop to analyse the context and develop a draft strategic Theory of Change. It will continue into 2025 and will result in Libya’s first mine action strategy. The GICHD ensured its support was provided in a conflict-sensitive manner, including by conducting a conflict analysis and providing relevant context analysis tools in the workshop. Based on the findings of the assessment, the GICHD will also support LibMAC through the provision of various training courses in 2025, including specific quality management training for the Libyan programme, and participation in regional and global courses on land release, explosive ordnance risk education, and gender and diversity. There is also a need to review and update Libya’s national mine action standards, which the GICHD will address through technical advice to LibMAC

throughout 2025. The GICHD will also continue to support LibMAC with information management (IM), including delivering the IM-related recommendations from the assessment. Finally, the GICHD will continue to encourage LibMAC and the wider Libyan government to engage with the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention, Convention on Cluster Munitions, and Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, where possible, to advance international support for mine action in Libya.

GICHD OUTLOOK REPORT 2025