Permissive environment. In the context of humanitarian mine action: an operational area during a specified time period where there is a humanitarian need, where access remains possible, and where consent is provided by relevant stakeholders, allowing mine action activities to take place according to the humanitarian principles and within the framework of international humanitarian law. (opp. Non- permissive environment) Note: Reference can be made to IMAS 01.10: 6.2 Humanitarian Principles: In its response to explosive ordnance, mine action is first and foremost a humanitarian concern. Framing of the standards and their application as part of any humanitarian response shall reflect the fundamental humanitarian principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence. (Source: IMAS 04.10 Second Edition, Amendment 10, February 2019)
Person Borne IED (PBIED). An IED worn, carried, or housed by a person, either willingly or unwillingly. (Source: UNMAS IED Lexicon)
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). All equipment and clothing designed to provide protection, which is intended to be worn or held by an employee at work and which protects him/her against one or more risks to his/her safety or health. (Source: IMAS 04.10 Second Edition, Amendment 10, February 2019)
Platter charge. The use of an explosive to propel a metal plate toward a target in a manner where the plate remains intact. (Source: UNMAS IED Lexicon)
Plunger. A switch utilizing a shaft, like that found in a syringe, where application of pressure on the head of the device will force the shaft downward, functioning the IED. (Source: UNMAS IED Lexicon)
Power source. A device that either stores or releases electrical or mechanical energy. The key elements of information about a power source are its type and source, number of batteries and their configuration (series or parallel), its voltage (if electrical) and how it is connected to close an IED switch. (Source: UNMAS IED Lexicon)
Pressure. A switch designed to function when pressure is applied in a predetermined direction (plate, tube, plunger, crush wire). (Source: UNMAS IED Lexicon)
Pressure Release. A switch for activating the device that occurs as a result of reductions in pressure. (Source: UNMAS IED Lexicon)
Pull. A switch that functions when a person applies tension to a firing mechanism – such as pulling a spring. The tension causes an action that releases a firing pin or activates an electrical or electronic switch. (Source: UNMAS IED Lexicon) Quality Assurance (QA). Part of QM focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled. [ISO 9000:2000] Note: The purpose of QA in humanitarian demining is to confirm that management practices and operational procedures for demining are appropriate, are being applied, and will achieve the stated requirement in a safe, effective and efficient manner. Internal QA will be conducted by demining organisations themselves, but external inspections by an external monitoring body should also be conducted. (Source: IMAS 04.10 Second Edition, Amendment 10, February 2019)
Quality Control (QC). Part of QM focused on fulfilling quality requirements. [ISO 9000:2000]
Note: QC relates to the inspection of a finished product. In the case of humanitarian demining, the ‘product’ is safe cleared land. (Source: IMAS 04.10 Second Edition, Amendment 10, February 2019) Quality Management (QM). Coordinated activities to direct and control an organisation with regard to quality. [ISO 9000:2000]. (Source: IMAS 04.10 Second Edition, Amendment 10, February 2019)
Glossary of terms
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