GICHD 2022 Performance Report

PERFORMANCE REPORT 2022

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Cover: GICHD’s visit to Bosnia and Herzegovina ©UNDP-GICHD

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

AAMVS Arms and Ammunition Management Validation System AMAT Ammunition Management Advisory Team A-MAP Ammunition Management Activity Platform

CORD Collaborative ORDnance data repository

HI Humanity and Inclusion

MAG Mine Advisory Group

PM/WRA Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement in the Bureau of Political- Military Affairs in the State Department of the United States Government

T&EP Test and Evaluation Protocol

IATG International Ammunition Technical Guidelines ICBL-CMC International Campaign to Ban Landmines – Cluster Munition Coalition

NDM-UN International Meeting of Mine Action National Directors and United Nations Advisers

TNMA Technical Note for Mine Action

DCA DanChurchAid

DRC Danish Refugee Council

TS technical survey

NMAA national mine action authority

UNIDIR United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research UN MACCA United Nations Mine Action Coordination Centre of Afghanistan

EO explosive ordnance

RCM residual contamination

EORE explosive ordnance risk education

NMAS national mine action standards

IHL international humanitarian law

RCP regional cooperation programme

APMBC Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention

EU European Union

NPA Norwegian People’s Aid

IM information management

RECSA Regional Centre on Small Arms

ARMAC ASEAN Regional Mine Action Centre

FSD Fondation suisse de déminage

NTS non technical survey

UNMAS United Nations Mine Action Service

IMAS International Mine Action Standards

SDG Sustainable Development Goal

GCSP Geneva Centre for Security Policy

ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations

OEWG Open-ended Working Group

UNREC United Nations Regional Centre for Peace and Disarmament in Africa

IMSMA Information Management System for Mine Action

SEESAC South-Eastern and Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons SPADO Sustainable Peace and Development Organization

GD gender and diversity

CCM Convention on Cluster Munitions

OHCHR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OMAR Organization for Mine Clearance and Afghan Rehabilitation

GDEI gender, diversity, equality, and inclusion

ISU Implementation Support Unit

WIT World Information Transfer, Inc.

CCW Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons CISR Centre for International Stabilization and Recovery

GFP gender focal point

JMU James Madison University

GPC-SPPC Global Protection Cluster Specialization

LR land release

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Since 1998, the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD) has worked to reduce risks to communities posed by explosive ordnance (EO) by helping to develop and professionalise the mine action and ammunition management sectors to the benefit of a wide range of partners at the global, regional and national levels. In 2022, with contributions from 25 donors, the GICHD supported 54 countries and territories along its four, interconnected lines of service, adapting its delivery methods as needed. The provision of support to strengthen partners’ knowledge and skills has continued to be a fundamental area of the GICHD’s engagement. Such support has been provided in various forms, such as tailored technical advice, the delivery of training courses and

the organisation of thematic workshops, covering most of the Centre’s areas of expertise, including strategic planning; standards development; ammunition management; gender, diversity, equality and inclusion (GDEI); land release (LR); explosive ordnance risk education (EORE); information management (IM); and the inclusion of mine action in broader sustainable development frameworks. In line with its needs- driven approach, the GICHD’s support in these areas was built on baseline or needs assessments that provided the foundation for tailored and effective responses. To enable the sector to constantly evolve and adapt, the GICHD continued to devote significant resources to research and development, knowledge generation and the production of good practice guidelines and tools to provide the basis for effective action.

At the global level, the GICHD continued to support the implementation of international humanitarian law (IHL) conventions by providing expert input and helping to develop globally accepted standards and guidelines in both mine action and ammunition management. The Centre also continued to provide expert input as part of ongoing policy processes relating to conventional arms and ammunition. Finally, the GICHD continued to promote dialogue and cooperation at the regional level through its regional cooperation programmes (RCPs), which allowed the further dissemination of good practice, key tools and resources and their adaptation to the specific realities of individual regions.

Ambassador Stefano Toscano GICHD Director

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AREAS OF STRATEGIC GROWTH

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Testing Mine Kafon airborne demining system with CTRO in Croatia, 2022 ©GICHD

THEMATIC FOCUS

AMMUNITION MANAGEMENT

The Ammunition Management Advisory Team (AMAT) was established in 2019 as a division of the GICHD, in partnership with the UN SaferGuard programme, to support States in ammunition management, thereby contributing to reducing the risk of unplanned explosions and the illicit diversion of ammunition worldwide and to making communities safer. Owing to an increase in requests throughout the GICHD’s 2019-2022 strategic period to assist States and partners, the GICHD created the Ammunition Management Activity Platform (A-MAP). This platform offers a comprehensive overview of past and current ammunition management projects that have been undertaken by diverse countries and organisations

across the globe. This platform aims to support stakeholders in becoming increasingly coordinated, enhancing risk mitigation and ensuring the achievement of maximal and sustainable results. The A-MAP has the potential to become a reference tool for all those active in the field of conventional ammunition management. Since its launch in 2022, the A-MAP website has been visited by more than 2,400 users from 134 countries. In 2022, the GICHD successfully completed implementation of European Union (EU) Council Decisions (CFSP) 2020/979 and 2021/2075, which sought, respectively, to explore the feasibility of creating Cambodia, Iraq, Lebanon and Yemen. The GICHD also undertook efforts to codify and disseminate knowledge of the impact of GD-responsive mine action through the development of two studies and video testimonials. 2 The GICHD continued to bring gender, diversity, equality and inclusion, and EORE to the fore in multilateral fora, such as those relating to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction (Anti Personnel Mine Ban Convention (APMBC)) and the Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM). The Centre’s support to the EORE Advisory

an Arms and Ammunition Management Validation System (AAMVS) and to develop a plan for its creation. Working closely with EU agencies, EU member states, think tanks and partner organisations, the GICHD produced a draft version of a self-assessment tool designed to enable states to exchange information about their ability to manage small arms and light weapons (SALW) and ammunition safely and securely. In the same year, a new EU Council Decision (CFSP) 2022/2275 was adopted, mandating the GICHD to develop the AAMVS over the next 3 years aiming to ultimately inform decision making processes around stockpile management within the EU, and globally. Group (both as its Secretariat and a core member) in the design and implementation of its 2021–2022 workplan contributed to maintaining the momentum gained and facilitating partners’ access to effective EORE methods, tools 3 and approaches. Work to promote good practice, generate knowledge and foster cooperation on EORE sector-wide priorities resulted in the organisation of the first ever global digital EORE workshop in cooperation with UNICEF and two regional workshops in the Middle East. The GICHD’s efforts during 2022 contributed to the increased professionalisation of the sector and the further integration of EORE into global agendas.

INCLUSIVE RISK REDUCTION

The GICHD leveraged the experience that it has accumulated since 2019 and applied good practice and lessons learnt to help ensure that risks from explosive ordnance (EO) are reduced in a gender and diversity sensitive and responsive manner. This included conducting assessments and providing technical advice to national authorities and partners, including those in Armenia, Cambodia and Yemen. This technical advice, in combination with GICHD training courses, including the Inclusive Leadership course, e-learning courses, 1 and the gender focal point (GFP) capacity development programme contributed to an increase in GD mainstreaming capacity among partners in

1 “Introduction to gender and diversity in mine action” (available in Arabic, English, French, Spanish, Ukrainian); “Introduction to EORE essentials” (available in English, Arabic). 2 The GICHD studies are available as follows: “Gender and operational efficiency” ; “Monitoring and evaluation of gender equality and inclusion in explosive ordnance risk reduction in ASEAN EO-affected countries”; “More than 20 years of women in demining teams in Kosovo.”

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3 In 2022, the GICHD started developing a social and behavioural change communication toolkit and an advanced EORE e-learning course. Both are expected to be launched in 2023.

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

As a response to the growing demand for research during the 2019-2022 strategic period, the GICHD decided to establish a tailored Research and Innovation Programme in its next strategic period (2023-2026). The Centre’s research and innovation efforts aim to support:

In terms of innovation, the GICHD has been involved in developing and promoting the use of new technologies and has continued to serve as a platform for the organisation of global technology workshops. By bringing together diverse stakeholders these workshops help accelerate the development and deployment of new technologies and approaches to address challenges

relating to EO around the world. From 2023 onwards, the GICHD decided to pivot these workshops, under the new name: Innovation Conference, to include broader innovative approaches (including technology) to ensure that the ‘dots are joined’ more consistently across challenges the sector face and for which innovative solutions need to be developed to resolve them.

i. the generation and dissemination of knowledge and

ii. finding solutions that can address challenges and create new opportunities for countries and territories to improve their safety, efficiency and effectiveness of their operations.

To date, the GICHD has conducted and supported research on a wide range of topics, including the development of technology, policy analysis and operational best practices. Research work in 2022 includes the Explosive Ordnance Guide for Ukraine (1 st and 2 nd editions), Gender and Diversity in the Convention on Cluster Munitions, Operational Efficiency in Mine Action (published in 2023), Difficult Terrain in Mine Action (published in 2023), A Guide to Ageing of Explosive Ordnance in the Environment (to be published in 2023), Guide to Systems Engineering for Humanitarian Information Management and Linking Mine Action, and the Sustainable Development Outcomes of Mine Action in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Colombia.

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Mine Action Technology Workshop 2021 ©GICHD

THE TRIPLE NEXUS APPROACH

In countries and territories affected by EO contamination, mine action is well positioned to foster cooperation among a variety of humanitarian, development and peace actors thereby maximising the impact of responses in line with the triple nexus approach. Relying on strong partnerships, the GICHD continued to support the sector in enhancing the linkages between mine action and sustainable development. In 2022, the GICHD collected and shared evidence of how mine action interventions in different contexts contribute to sustainable development outcomes in the medium and long term. GICHD support to Bosnia and Herzegovina resulted in the mention of accomplishments relating to mine action in the country’s national reports on progress in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In Colombia, findings from the GICHD study underlined the importance of mine action in economic growth, social cohesion, environmental protection, confidence-building, and peace-making efforts. The study provided evidence of the transformative and multidimensional role of mine action, identifying direct contributions to the achievement of 16 of the 17 SDGs and at least 83 of their associated targets. The Cambodia case study provided evidence of how the design and implementation of integrated mine action and development programmes have the potential to achieve better humanitarian and development outcomes.

GICHD’s visit to Bosnia and Herzegovina ©UNDP-GICHD

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TRAINING FOCUS

BLACKBOARD LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The GICHD took the strategic decision to introduce the BlackBoard learning management system in 2021, with a view to enhancing and improving the accessibility of training. The first online course to be supported by BlackBoard was part of the GFP programme in 2022. During the design phase, the GICHD developed a blended learning approach that combined self- study, virtual meetings and a community of practice. All post-course survey respondents appreciated the innovative video-conferencing tool that the GICHD had introduced in its courses via BlackBoard and emphasized the advantages of integrating all the course elements on one platform:

Encouraged by the initial success of BlackBoard, the GICHD proceeded in using the system to pilot its 88 th Partnership for Peace course for mine action operations managers. Through BlackBoard, the GICHD was able to introduce another training method that encourages participants to engage in ‘self-paced’ preparation ahead of the in-person training course to maximise benefits during its delivery. The post-course survey results indicated a high rate of satisfaction. The participants appreciated features such as:

By the end of 2022, the GICHD had used BlackBoard in the design of additional courses, such as the administrator training course on the GICHD’s Information Management System for Mine Action (IMSMA) Core, which is now offered in both English and Ukrainian. Following the positive feedback from both learners and trainers, the GICHD will be dedicating more efforts to building staff capacity using the BlackBoard learning management system.

the classroom function

access through the mobile app

online discussions

content-sharing announcements

‘The learning platform on the board is very useful as it includes

100% *

91% *

82% *

78% *

all the settings and we do not need to use any [other] tools.’

*Percentage of respondents who found it extremely or very useful

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EORE ESSENTIALS E-LEARNING COURSE

A sector wide EORE needs analysis conducted in the first year of the GICHD Strategy 2019-2022 identified insufficient standardised training opportunities for EORE practitioners at a global and intra-organisational level. The e-learning course, Introduction to EORE essentials, was launched in English in 2021 aimed at professionals involved in the management of mine action programmes and at protection, education and development actors that could benefit from an improved understanding of risk education. By the end of 2022, more than 1,000 people had completed the e-learning course. Upon the request of partners, the course was translated in Arabic. The French and Ukrainian versions will follow in 2023. With increased evidence of the potential of e-learning to widen learning opportunities, the GICHD started developing an advanced e-learning course on EORE for practitioners that is composed of four modules and is in line with the International Mine Action Standards (IMAS) and other good practice. This process took a highly collaborative approach that involved a group of EORE thematic experts from across organisations and contexts to ensure a product of a high standard. The quantitative data as well as anecdotal evidence of learners changing their practices after completing the e-learning courses, indicate an increased uptake of e-learning that ultimately contributes to the professionalisation of the sector. Another achievement is the commitment of EORE operators and national mine action authorities (NMAAs) to integrate the entire EORE e-learning course into their internal training packages.

EORE Workshop, 2022 ©GICHD

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MINE ACTION MANAGEMENT TRAINING PROGRAMMES

As part of its efforts to consolidate its training programmes, in 2022 the GICHD took the decision to refocus its training programmes to target decision makers within NMAAs and organisations. By targeting decision makers, the GICHD hopes to have a wider impact in supporting the sector in building a safer and more secure environment for those affected by explosive hazards.

course for mine action managers, which is aimed at middle and senior management levels; additionally, 2022 saw the start of the development of a LR training course for managers. Both training courses use a blended learning that includes both self-paced and in-person components and which can be tailored to respond to the participants’ learning needs. In addition to these efforts, the GICHD has increased its focus on providing sustainable learning solutions to NMAAs with the objective of improving the consistency

and quality of the training and, most importantly, creating a culture of continuous learning within the mine action sector. One example of a sustainable learning solution is the train-the-trainer programme that was designed for national stakeholders and successfully launched in Ukraine in 2022. These efforts have been well received and have generated a high level of interest. As such, the GICHD aims to continue building on this initiative during the new strategic period (2023–2026) by delivering train-the-trainer programmes—amongst others—in Lebanon, Ukraine, and Yemen.

A key example of such training programmes, developed and piloted in the 2021–2022 period is the training

INCLUSIVE LEADERSHIP COURSE

In response to the findings of its 2021 assessment of training needs in the mine action sector, the GICHD developed the ‘inclusive leadership’ course, which is aimed at providing a resource that supports capacity-building that provides a full and integrated understanding of the links between leadership, diversity, inclusion, gender, inclusive governance and safeguarding. The inclusive leadership content focuses on organisational cultures, policies, structures, decision-making processes and leadership modalities and clarifies, in an accessible manner, what inclusive working mechanisms are in practice.

In 2022, the GICHD piloted its first inclusive leadership training course in Iraq with the participation of 20 men and five women leaders and managers, and in partnership with the national authorities. The tailored course aimed to enhance the commitment of the leadership within mine action to addressing gender, diversity, equality and inclusion. Women and men leaders and managers explored together how to take a GD transformative approach to their work, so that they become agents of change for the advancement of gender equality and the creation of an inclusive work environment in their respective organisations and institutions.

88 th Partnership for Peace Mine Action Operations Managers Course in Spiez, Switzerland, 2022 ©GICHD

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I. OVERVIEW BY IMMEDIATE OUTCOME (IO)

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GICHD’s visit to Lebanon, 2022 ©GICHD

FIELD SUPPORT

RESULTS IN A NUTSHELL

1 National strategies are developed, adopted and implemented by states, according to good practice

PROJECTS

RESULTS

T Strategic Planning in Mine Action

2 strategy assessments completed Kosovo, Sri Lanka

2 national strategies developed in line with

2 strategies revised Kosovo, Zimbabwe

4 strategies implemented with the support of the GICHD Germany, Iraq, Kosovo, Zimbabwe

2 national strategies integrated GD considerations Italy, Sri Lanka

good practice Italy, Sri Lanka

2 National standards are developed, adopted and implemented by states, according to international standards

T National Mine Action Standards (NMAS)

3 NMAS needs assessments completed Armenia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania

3 NMAS reviewed and updated Angola, Cambodia, Vietnam

3 workshops conducted, attended by 125 people (107 men and 18 women) T Angola (NMAS review) T Cambodia (NMAS review) T South-East Asia region (RCM)

Development Assistance

T Risk Management in Mine Action

A suspected hazardous area in Bosnia and Herzegovina where operations cannot occur owing to the site’s distance from the nearest hospital. ©GICHD

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FIELD SUPPORT

3 States and other partners use quality information to support their programming and operational management

PROJECTS

RESULTS

T Information Management Support T Information Management Training T Global Geoservices T IMSMA Core T IMSMA Open Knowledge Base T UNMAS IMSMA Core Implementation T IMSMA New Generation (NG) Maintenance T Remote Sensing Development T IMSMA Core Infrastucture

7 IM assessments conducted Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen

26 States / partners adopted IMSMA Core T 11 national mine action centres adopting IMSMA Core Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Colombia, Lebanon, Libya, Solomon Islands, Tajikistan, Ukraine, Yemen T 15 UNMAS programmes using IMSMA tools Abyei, Afghanistan, Central African Republic, Colombia, Cyprus, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Mali, Nigeria, Palestine, Somalia, South Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Western Sahara and UNMAS headquarters T 1 partner adopted IMSMA Core

3 States / partners incorporated humanitarian datasets into their IM systems Ukraine, UNMAS, Yemen

2 States improved their IM capacity score Bosnia and Herzegovina, Lebanon

Mayday Rescue Foundation for the Syrian Arab Republic

4 Land release is implemented

T Quality Management System and Operational Efficiency

1 baseline assessment completed Yemen

2 publications / studies published Editions 1 and 2 of the Explosive Ordnance Guide for Ukraine

9 training courses delivered, attended by 194 people (154 men and 40 women) T 1 global course for operations managers in Switzerland T 3 QM courses, in the Balkans, Turkey and Ukraine T 3 courses on NTS, in Ukraine, Yemen and a global course in Switzerland T 2 courses on TS, in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey

by states and other partners, according to good practice

T Land Release Outreach T Land Release Research T Explosive Ordnance

1 scoping mission completed Ukraine

3 publications / studies developed T Operational Efficiency in Mine Action T Guide to Ageing of Explosive Ordnance in the Environment T Difficult Terrain in Mine Action

3 tools developed and implemented MACRA, CORD, Equipment e-Catalogue

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FIELD SUPPORT

5 Regional cooperation furthers the exchange,

PROJECTS

RESULTS

T Arab Regional Cooperation Programme (ARCP) T Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia Regional Cooperation Programme (EECCA-RCP)

20 NMAAs/mine action programmes exchanged good practice Benin (CPADD), Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Palestine, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Yemen

4 NMAAs/mine action programmes adopted good practice Iraq, Lebanon, Somalia, Yemen

17 mine action resources/chapters of the IMAS translated into local languages 5 into Arabic, 12 into French

dissemination and adoption of good practice

T Francophone Regional

Cooperation Programme (FRCP)

6 Risks from explosive ordnance are reduced in a gender and diversity sensitive and responsive manner

T Gender and Diversity Training and Online Learning T Gender and Diversity Research T Gender and Diversity Assessments and Technical Assistance T Explosive Ordnance Risk Education (EORE)* T Explosive Ordnance Risk Education Essentials E-Learning Course

3 countries’ GD assessments completed Armenia, Cambodia, Yemen

22 countries / partners adopted methods, tools or approaches developed, promoted or shared by the EORE Advisory Group and the GICHD ARMAC, Burundi Civil Defense and Disaster Management, DCA, DRC/DDG, Executive Secretariat for the Demining and Development of the Northwest Coast in Egypt, Free Fields Foundation (3F), HALO Trust, Haut Commissariat National de Déminage (HCND), HI, ICRC, LMAC, MAG, National Humanitarian Mine Action Committee Nigeria, Palestinian Mine Action Center (PMAC), Senegalese National Mine Action Centre / Centre National d’Action Antimines au Sénégal (CNAMS), SPADO, Sudan National Mine Action Center, UNHCR, University of Balamand, UNMAS and YEMAC

2 policy documents / strategies / plans / agendas promoting EORE produced DCA global results framework, mine action/ EORE module for the UNHCR Humanitarian Protection in Armed Conflict toolkit

4 countries / partners equipped with GD capacity

3 publications on GD produced (see page 6)

Halo Trust Iraq, International Demining and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Company Jordan, MAG Lebanon, NPA Vietnam

8 training courses and workshops conducted, attended by 1,213 people T 5 GDEI events: workshop to share the ARMAC study, Arab RCP GFP community of practice workshop, online GFP course, inclusive leadership course in Iraq, workshop for HI T 3 EORE workshops: ARCP, FRCP, PfP digital workshop

*The data was collected through the EORE AG stakeholder survey filled by responders either in organisational and/or individual capacity.

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FIELD SUPPORT

7 Ammunition is

PROJECTS

RESULTS

T Ammunition Management Advisory Team (AMAT) T Standardised Assessment

6 baseline assessments on SSMA completed Albania, El Salvador, Guatemala, North Macedonia, Peru

4 States made ammunition stocks safer and more secure in line with good practice in the IATG El Salvador, Guatemala, Moldova, Peru

5 tools developed A-MAP, AAMVS (self-assessment tool), digitalisation of the IATG using a beta version, IATG training package, standardised assessment methodology 9 publications/working papers developed T 2 informal dialogue working papers T Contributed to Explosive Ordnance Guide for Ukraine (see page 6) T Framing document for the NATO Building Integrity handbook T ‘The Bata Explosions: Lessons Learned’ in Counter-IED Report, Winter 2021/22 T AAMVS Phase II final report (to be published in 2023)

managed by states according to good practice

Methodology for Ammunition Through-Life Management

T Support to United Nations SaferGuard Programme T Feasibility Study and Development of Arms and Ammunition Management Validation System (AAMVs)

20 States / territories / partners assisted in improving their SSMA in line with good practice T 10 States / territories: Albania, El Salvador, Georgia, Guatemala, Kosovo, Moldova, North Macedonia, Peru, United States of America, Zambia T 10 partners: EU, Golden West Humanitarian Foundation, HALO Trust, ITF, RECSA, SEESAC, Swiss Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport, UNIDIR, UN SaferGuard programme, United States European Command

6 candidates added to the roster of ammunition management experts following the 2022 UN SaferGuard expert validation exercise for the Middle East and North Africa region

T Comprehensive Training

Programme on the International Ammunition Technical Guidelines (IATG) T Digitalised IATG for International Use T NATO Handbook on Building Integrity in LCM of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) and Ammunition

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GLOBAL FRAMEWORK

8 Implementation of Conventions is fostered through the provision of expertise and logistical support

PROJECTS

RESULTS

T Substantive Support to

7 extension requests reflecting GICHD input submitted under the APMBC (Serbia, Sudan, Thailand, Yemen) and the CCM (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chad, Chile)

3 States supported in APMBC implementation using a country- focused and individualised approach Chad, Cambodia, South Sudan

60 references to GICHD substantive (44) and logistical (16) support in statements or other types of intervention by 35 States / partners Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia

International Humanitarian Law (IHL)

T Logistical Support to

International Humanitarian Law (IHL) T Gender and Diversity Support to Conventions

and Herzegovina, Canada, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Ethiopia, Germany, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Netherlands (Kingdom of the), Norway, Serbia, Sri Lanka, Spain, Somalia, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Yemen, Zimbabwe, APMBC ISU

9 Relevant concepts, methods and tools are captured in international standards

T International Mine Action

3 new IMAS standards and T&EPs submitted for consideration and approved by the IMAS Review Board T IMAS 07.50 on the Management of Human Remains in Mine Action T T&EP 07.31/01/2022 on the Setting of Animal Detection Systems Testing Sites T T&EP 07.31/02/2022 on the Competencies Required for Animal Detection System Handlers, Team Leaders and Instructors

12 IMAS standards / TNMAs / T&EPs revised T IMAS 05.10; IMAS 06.10; IMAS 07.50; IMAS 08.40; IMAS 9.30; IMAS 10.30; IMAS 13.10

3 IMAS training courses and outreach workshops conducted attended by 53 people (44 men and 9 women) T 1 Global workshop on ARE in Switzerland T 1 PfP IMAS and conformance course T 1 Workshop in Mauritania

890 people (657 men and 233 women) completed the introductory online IMAS e-learning course

Standards (IMAS) Secretariat

T IMAS Development and Outreach

T TNMA 12.10/01 T T&EP 07.31/01/2022; T&EP 07.31.02.2022; T&EP 09.30/01/2022; T&EP 09.31/01/2019

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GLOBAL FRAMEWORK

11 The reduction of risks from explosive ordnance contributes to humanitarian action and sustainable development 10 International normative and policy processes are informed by evidence

PROJECTS

RESULTS

T Multilateral Discussions on Conventional Weapons and Ammunition

7 statements/ presentations delivered in contribution to international normative and policy processes T 2 statements and 1 presentation at the second substantive session of the OEWG on Conventional Ammunition

5 plenary sessions / side events organized in contribution to international normative and policy processes T 1 at the Eighth Biennial Meeting of States of the UN Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons T 1 at the Eighth Conference of States Parties to the ATT T 1 plenary session on IM at the 25 th NDM-UN T 2 side events on MACRA and IMAS at the 25 th NDM-UN

T 2 presentations at Wilton Park meetings T 2 presentations in plenaries of the 25

th NDM-UN

T Mine action and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) T Gender and Diversity Global Policy

3 SDG-aligned national strategies / standards / policies developed Iraq, Italy, Sri Lanka

16 events/presentations attended/given linking EORE with gender equality, humanitarian action, peace, security and development T 9 presentations (Cambodia High-level Dialogue on Mine Action,

T 1 training course in Bosnia and Herzegovina T 1 workshop presenting preliminary findings in Somalia T 1 panel discussion (side event at the 25 th NDM-UN meeting) T 3 case study launch events Bosnia and Herzegovina (44 participants; 24 men and 20 women)/ Cambodia (66 participants; 51 men and 15 women)/ Colombia (87 participants; 41 men and 46 women).

GCSP Trainee Diplomats course, GICHD global workshop on all reasonable effort, Northeastern University, 88 th PfP course for mine action operations managers, Sciences Po, University of Geneva, UNMAS Mine Action Symposium, WIT Virtual Voices) T 1 event (including presentation) contributing to the National Stakeholder Dialogue on mine action (Colombia)

3 publications linking mine action and broader agendas produced Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Colombia

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Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, November 2022 ©GICHD

FINANCIAL OVERVIEW

All amounts in CHF EXPENDITURES BY IMMEDIATE OUTCOME *

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11

National strategies are developed, adopted and implemented by states, according to good practice

672’322

National standards are developed, adopted and implemented by states, according to international standards

1’914’251

States and other partners use quality information to support their programming and operational management

3’896’523

Land release is implemented by states and other partners, according to good practice

1’739’037

Regional cooperation furthers the exchange, dissemination and adoption of good practice

863’445

Risks from explosive ordnance are reduced in a gender and diversity sensitive and responsive manner

1’759’596

Ammunition is managed by states according to good practice

4’508’283

Implementation of Conventions is fostered through the provision of expertise and logistical support

1’199’180

Relevant concepts, methods and tools are captured in international standards

1’195’957

International normative and policy processes are informed by evidence

429’167

The reduction of risks from explosive ordnance contributes to humanitarian action and sustainable development

648’728

*Numbers presented are based on audited accounts

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ALLOCATIONS OF DONORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS BY IMMEDIATE OUTCOME

1234567891011

Australia Austria Canada Finland France Germany Ireland Italy

Mexico Norway Shoulder2Shoulder, Inc (S2S) Spain Sweden Switzerland The Netherlands United Kingdom United States of America

Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development Asean Regional Mine Action Center (ARMAC)

European Union (EU) Humanity & Inclusion The Halo Trust

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS) United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA)

Free software licences for IMSMA GIS provided by Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) for a value of CHF 187’000 The support received from Information and Communication Technology (ICT) hosted by the GCSP, amounted to CHF 353’170

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BENEFICIARY COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES BY IMMEDIATE OUTCOME

1234567891011

Afghanistan Albania Angola Armenia Azerbaijan Benin Bosnia And Herzegovina Burkina Faso Cambodia Central African Republic

Chad Chile Croatia Colombia Cyprus Democratic Republic of Congo Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Georgia Germany Guatemala Guinea Bissau

Iraq Italy

Jordan Kosovo

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BENEFICIARY COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES BY IMMEDIATE OUTCOME

(Continued)

1234567891011

Lebanon Libya Mali Mauritania Moldova Niger Nigeria North Macedonia Palestine Peru Senegal Serbia Solomon Islands Somalia South Sudan Sri Lanka Sudan Syrian Arab Republic

Tajikistan Thailand Turkey

Ukraine Vietnam Western Sahara

Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe

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II.RESULTS BY IMMEDIATE OUTCOME

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FIELD SUPPORT

National strategies are developed, adopted and implemented by states, according to good practice

Appropriate national mine action strategies are central to facilitating effective and efficient operations and directly contribute to the fulfilment of States Parties’ convention obligations and national targets. ACHIEVEMENTS Strategic planning support was provided to Italy in early 2022 for the development of the country’s first ever humanitarian mine action strategy. In Iraq and Sri Lanka, despite the many challenges stemming from the economic crises and political instability, the GICHD was able to help Iraq implement its National Mine Action Strategy 2022–2028 and Sri Lanka develop and finalise its National Mine Action Completion Strategy 2023–2027. The GICHD also facilitated a mid term review of the Mine Action Strategy 2019–2024 in Kosovo. The review’s findings resulted in greater clarity on contextual changes, achievements and challenges. Based on this, Kosovo Mine Action Centre (KMAC) decided to develop a new mine action strategy that reflects the updated contamination baseline and has requested GICHD’s support with this. Upon a request from the Zimbabwe Mine Action Centre (ZMAC), the GICHD facilitated a stakeholder workshop to update Zimbabwe’s Communication and Resource Mobilization Strategy 2018-2025. In Armenia too, the GICHD facilitated a strategy stakeholder workshop,

presenting the strategic planning process, international good practice and lessons learnt in developing, reviewing and implementing strategies. This supported the Centre for Humanitarian Demining and Expertise (CHDE) in its strategy development. In early 2022, the GICHD expanded its strategic planning support to include ammunition management. It developed a strategy assessment tool and supported the AMAT assistance mechanism. LESSONS LEARNT T Broad and diverse stakeholder participation is essential to ensuring national strategies are pertinent and context specific. The involvement of relevant national and international stakeholders in context analysis exercises is key to identifying the challenges, needs and opportunities in mine action programmes and facilitating buy-in to national strategies and their implementation. T The proactive encouragement of female participation in strategy stakeholder processes has resulted in more women actively contributing their experience, skills and perspectives, making their countries’ national strategies more relevant and inclusive. T Multi-year collaboration with national authorities strengthens relationships, results in reinforced national ownership and more sustainable results. Strategic planning support relies on GICHD staff establishing trust with national authorities and other stakeholders through regular communication and interactions.

2 strategy assessments completed Kosovo, Sri Lanka

4 strategies implemented with the support of the GICHD Germany, Iraq, Kosovo, Zimbabwe 2 national strategies integrated GD considerations Italy, Sri Lanka

2 national strategies developed in line with

good practice Italy, Sri Lanka

2 strategies revised Kosovo, Zimbabwe

24 GICHD PERFORMANCE REPORT 2022 |

FIELD SUPPORT

National standards are developed, adopted and implemented by states, according to international standards

The International Mine Action Standards and national mine action standards form part of the normative framework for mine action and are designed to enhance the safety, efficiency, and quality of mine action operations. ACHIEVEMENTS In 2022, the GICHD continued to offer support, tailored to national needs, for the review and development of national standards and the management of RCM. As part of its long standing collaboration with the Cambodian Mine Action and Victim Assistance Authority (CMAA), the GICHD supported the revision and development of NMAS for Cambodia. A set of NMAS chapters that focused on minimum requirements and context specific adjustments were also developed to help in reviewing the NMAS. A pilot of the assessment tool was conducted in Cambodia during a standards review workshop and a field visit. Assessments were carried out in Armenia, Guinea- Bissau and Mauritania, highlighting needs in relation to the development and/or improvement of NMAS. In Angola, the GICHD supported the NMAA in developing three NMAS (on animal detection systems, EO disposal and RCM) including delivering an NMAS review workshop (38 men, 4 women). In Ukraine, however, the GICHD experienced delays in conducting its planned activities owing to the escalating conflict.

In Vietnam, the GICHD completed its pilot project on long-term risk management tools and protocols that had started in 2018. The project report, which presented the results of a test of the country’s long term risk management model and highlighted recommendations for the way forward, was accepted by the Vietnamese Mine Action Centre. At the regional level, a workshop on RCM was delivered for over 60 participants (50 men, 10 women) from the South-East Asia region, while RCM assessments were completed in Cambodia and Vietnam. The GICHD also advanced its work on a guide to liability in mine action, which aims to clarify the concepts and implications of liability specific to the LR process. The guide will be piloted in Lebanon in 2023. LESSONS LEARNT T A long-term risk management framework requires high-quality data and strong buy-in from organisations, including IM departments. T A thorough needs analysis, national ownership and multi-stakeholder coordination and inclusion are crucial for the development and successful implementation of NMAS, and a dedicated process is important for the long-term success of the process. T The development or improvement of NMAS is not the end of the process. There needs to be emphasis on the provision of support for their implementation. Timely follow-up with national authorities and the conduct of specific training sessions or meetings are essential to inform national authorities about updates to the IMAS.

3 NMAS needs assessments completed Armenia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania

3 workshops conducted, attended by 125 people (107 men and 18 women) T Angola (NMAS review) T Cambodia (NMAS review) T South-East Asia region (RCM)

3 NMAS reviewed and updated Angola, Cambodia, Vietnam

25 GICHD PERFORMANCE REPORT 2022 |

FIELD SUPPORT

States and other partners use quality information to support their programming and operational management

Information management, the practice of turning raw data into useful and usable information for evidence based decision- making, contributes to the management and ultimately reduction of the risk posed by explosive ordnance. ACHIEVEMENTS In 2022, the GICHD continued to assist States and partners to align their processes, data, technology and staff to realise the full potential of IM. The GICHD accelerated the transition to IMSMA Core, following recommendations from the late 2021 evaluation of the relevance, effectiveness, quality and sustainability of GICHD IM products and services. Steps were taken to allocate more resources to the transition by:

IM advisory support, through workshops, assessments, or site visits, was delivered to Armenia, Azerbaijan, Benin, Guinea-Bissau, Lebanon, Libya, Mali, Somalia, Ukraine and Yemen. There was continued emphasis on the strengthening of information security. Documentation was prepared and a partner selected to conduct a certification audit using ISO / IEC 27001 on information security management systems. To foster innovation and knowledge-sharing, a webinar series for IM professionals was launched to enable them to exchange on and showcase innovations. Each of the nine webinars held drew an average of 45 participants. The strategic relationship with Esri, the provider of the technology for the geographic information system software underpinning IMSMA Core, was renewed and expanded. This provides new areas of collaboration and mechanisms for accessing expertise to make innovative use of geospatial technology. LESSONS LEARNT T The delivery of training and support both on site and online has built confidence in the efficacy of remote training activities, allowing the GICHD to offer capacity building using more accessible and scalable mediums. T An expanded e-learning curriculum will be a prerequisite for instructor-led training sessions. This will reduce the number of days of on-site training required, allowing additional places to be made available on the training courses.

7 IM assessments conducted Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen 2 States improved their IM capacity score Bosnia and Herzegovina, Lebanon 3 States / partners incorporated humanitarian datasets into their IM systems Ukraine, UNMAS, Yemen

Mali, Nigeria, Palestine, Somalia, South Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Western Sahara and UNMAS headquarters

i. deprioritising ancillary tools;

T 1 partner adopted IMSMA Core

Mayday Rescue Foundation for the Syrian Arab Republic

ii. offering lighter options for States needing only ad hoc support;

iii. proactively pursuing funding opportunities and private sector partnerships; and

iv. offering more training.

26 GICHD PERFORMANCE REPORT 2022 |

FIELD SUPPORT

Land release is implemented by states and other partners, according to good practice

The improvement of the land release process and its implementation makes it possible to realise considerable time and cost savings, while ensuring the quality of land release outputs and without compromising operators’ safety. ACHIEVEMENTS In 2022, the GICHD boosted the knowledge and skills of mine action staff from various EO-affected countries. Training courses on technical survey (TS) were held in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey, while courses on NTS took place in Ukraine and Yemen additionally, a global course was held in Switzerland. These courses equipped practitioners with knowledge essential for the accurate identification and assessment of risks associated with explosive remnants of war. This is a crucial step in ensuring safe and effective LR operations. The GICHD also began to develop an LR e-learning module aimed at enhancing practitioners’ capacity to implement LR operations according to good practice. Quality management training courses were delivered in the Balkans, Turkey and Ukraine, and a global training course for mine action operations managers was held in Switzerland. Such training provided

practitioners with the skills needed to establish and maintain effective governance systems within their own organisations. This will ultimately contribute to the implementation of LR according to good practice. Another notable activity was the evaluation of the quality management system in Colombia and the provision of technical advice to the NMAA for improving the system. The publication of two editions of an EO guide for Ukraine, which lists 186 types of EO, has created an essential resource for practitioners involved in LR operations in the identification and assessment of the risks posed by EO for more effective and safer LR operations. LESSONS LEARNT T Initiatives to improve the gender balance and diversity among participants in training courses include the early posting of course information, including sharing it with GFPs, the prioritisation of sponsorship, the improvement of course content and the use of a blended learning approach. T Comprehensive research requires significant investment of time, effort and resources and the involvement and commitment of all GICHD divisions at all stages.

1 baseline assessment completed Yemen

2 publications / studies published Editions 1 and 2 of the Explosive Ordnance Guide for Ukraine 9 training courses delivered, attended by 194 people (154 men and 40 women) T 1 global course for operations managers in Switzerland T 3 QM courses, in the Balkans, Turkey and Ukraine T 3 courses on NTS, in Ukraine, Yemen and a global course in Switzerland T 2 courses on TS, in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey

1 scoping mission completed Ukraine

3 tools developed and implemented MACRA, CORD, Equipment e-Catalogue

3 publications / studies developed T Operational Efficiency in Mine Action T Guide to Ageing of Explosive Ordnance in the Environment T Difficult Terrain in Mine Action

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FIELD SUPPORT

Regional cooperation furthers the exchange, dissemination and adoption of good practice

The exchange of expertise and good practice at the regional level and in shared languages encourages regional cooperation on common issues and challenges, generally enhancing the performance of mine action and ammunition management programmes. ACHIEVEMENTS The GICHD RCPs implement activities through three regional frameworks, the Arab RCP, the Francophone RCP and the Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) RCP, and in close collaboration with NMAAs. Under its RCPs, the GICHD focuses its efforts on facilitating the exchange and adoption of good practice among affected countries in local languages such as Arabic, French, and Russian in order to strengthen dialogue and cooperation at the regional level. In 2022, within the Arab RCP, the GICHD delivered a community of practice online workshop, organised an IMSMA Core Implementation workshop followed by two- week training course on IMSMA Core in Lebanon, together with Lebanon Mine Action Centre (LMAC), at the Regional School for Humanitarian Demining

in Lebanon (RSHDL) , and ran a three-day EORE workshop in Jordan. These efforts, together with the translation of chapter 5 in Arabic and French of the GICHD Improvised Explosive Device Clearance Good Practice Guide, supported the national authorities in enhancing the performance of their mine action programmes. As part of the Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) RCP, the GICHD conducted a visit to Azerbaijan. Its regional conference on the IATG in Georgia had to be postponed, however, owing to the conflict in Ukraine. Within the Francophone RCP, the GICHD organised its 2022 workshop in Benin at the Centre de Perfectionnement aux Actions de Déminage et de Dépollution (CPADD). LESSONS LEARNT T The GICHD plays a key role as a go-between organisation that stimulates, convenes, promotes and supports cooperation in the three regions. T The handover of a cooperation programme to a NMAA should be well planned, involve sufficient training and be done through a formal framework such as a memorandum of understanding. T Partnership agreements are an excellent way of promoting localisation and national ownership.

20 NMAAs / mine action programmes exchanged good practice Benin (CPADD), Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Palestine, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Yemen

4 NMAAs / mine action programmes adopted good practice Iraq, Lebanon, Somalia, Yemen 17 mine action resources /chapters of the IMAS translated into local languages 5 into Arabic, 12 into French

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